Manual lathe operating procedures, operating points and dressing steps, precautions

1. Operating procedures

1. Lathe preliminary preparation:

(1) According to the planned processing technology, place the corresponding blanks, tools, and oilstones on the workbench to ensure that the machine can rotate without failure;

(2) Determine the temporary support position of the processing material;

(3) Check and determine the size and quality of the tool;

(4) Study the technical requirements and technical drawings, and preliminarily determine the processing parameters;

(5) Tighten the coupling on the lathe, check the tool shaft transmission device, and confirm that there are no defects.

2. Formal processing of lathe:

(1) Determine the position of the turning tool and place it in the correct position of the turning tool holder;

(2) Fix the turning tool holder and the turning tool on the shaft by twisting the wrench so that the turning tool gap is at zero position;

(3) Check and adjust the parallelism between the slide and the part;

(4) Check the fat core slider on the guide rail, replace the inner lining or adjust it;

(5) Determine the frequency of cutting vibration, the tool edge angle of upper and lower cutting, and determine the processing depth according to technical requirements;

(6) Ensure the correctness of the processing position and measuring device;

(7 ）Operate the lathe and complete the processing accurately according to the technical requirements;

(8) After the processing is completed, turn off the lathe power switch and tighten the coupling;

3. Inspection of the lathe:

(1) Measure the dimensions of each surface of the workpiece, check the misalignment and surface finish;

(2) Check whether the turning tool is damaged. If damaged, make up for it;

(3) Determine the tolerance and make a memo record;

(4) Check the lubrication condition of the lathe. If oil change is required, change the oil;

II. Processing procedures

1. Indexing: Index the positioning surface to determine the end position of the part.

2. Positive and negative chuck processing: Use planetary chucks and reverse chucks to process the external threads of the positioning surface.

3. Through-hole chuck processing: Use ball head chucks to process the external threads of the through-hole part according to the processing requirements and processing accuracy of the drawing, so that the external thread shape of the part is accurately positioned.

4. Chuck clamping: Use a movable chuck as the chuck outside the positioning surface, check the clamping torque of the chuck to ensure it is qualified.

5. Cone processing: According to the processing requirements, different specifications of cones are used to process the aperture of the parts.

6. Sharp edge processing: According to the requirements of the drawing, different specifications of cone turning tools are used to complete the sharp edge processing.

7. Cylindrical surface turning: Use internal tools, external tools, and round table turning tools to process the cylindrical surfaces inside and outside the parts to ensure the flatness, accuracy and finish of the processing.

8. Tool cleaning: After the operation is completed, the turning tools, cones, plugs and other tools should be cleaned in time to ensure the quality of the new tools.

III. Finished product quality requirements

1. Quality requirements:

(1) Part size and technical indicators require accuracy;

(2) The surface quality of the parts must not have scratches or burrs;

(3) Workpiece appearance quality: There must be no cracks, shrinkage, or deformation;

(4) Part center axial shape and position tolerances.

2. Safety requirements:

(1) During the processing, safety regulations must be strictly followed and the guard plate of the workbench must be checked for integrity;

(2) The safety of the machine must be ensured and there must be no obvious wear and tear;

(3) During the processing, a safe distance must be ensured to prevent the operator from being injured.

IV. Key points of operation

1. Lathe operation requirements:

(1) When using a lathe, you must be familiar with the lathe's operating procedures and the machine's safety regulations;

(2) Before using the lathe, you must check the lathe to ensure that the machine can be used normally;

(3) When using the lathe, you must ensure that the tool, slide, spindle and other components are in normal working condition;

(4) During the processing, the machine must run smoothly and there must be no obvious shaking;

(5) During the processing, safety must be ensured and incorrect operation must be avoided.

2. Turning tool operation requirements:

(1) Before using the turning tool, the turning tool must be inspected to ensure the quality of the turning tool;

(2) When using the turning tool, it must be installed correctly and firmly;

(3) During the processing, the turning tool size must be correct and there must be no obvious cracks or gaps;

(4) During the processing, the cutting torque and cutting speed of the turning tool must be uniform and there must be no obvious shaking;

(5) During the processing, the turning tool must rotate smoothly and there must be no obvious vibration.

3. Control requirements:

(1) During the operation, you must be familiar with the operating requirements of the control system and operate the lathe according to the requirements;

(2) During the processing, the transmission, speed, and tightening torque of the control system must be accurate;

(3) During the processing, the processing parameters of the control system must be accurate and there must be no errors;

(4) During the processing, the control system must run smoothly and there must be no alarms.

5. Dressing steps

1. Lathe dressing steps:

(1) Check the installation status of the lathe and its accessories;

(2) Check the lubrication of the lathe and replace the lubricating oil in time;

(3) Check the electrical and bearings of the lathe to ensure the normal operation of the lathe;

(4) Check the surface of the lathe to ensure that there is no wear, cracks or deformation on the surface;

(5) Check the tools of the lathe to ensure that the tools are of good quality;

(6) Check the safety devices of the lathe to ensure the effectiveness of the safety protection devices.

2. Lathe tool dressing steps:

(1) Check the size of the lathe tool to ensure that the size of the lathe tool is accurate;

(2) Check the surface of the lathe tool to ensure that there is no wear, cracks or deformation on the surface;

(3) Check the cutting torque and cutting speed of the lathe tool to ensure the processing performance of the lathe tool;

(4) Check the installation of the lathe tool to ensure that the installation of the lathe tool is firm;

(5) Check the cutting surface of the lathe tool to ensure that the cutting surface of the lathe tool is flat and smooth.

3. Control system repair steps:

(1) Check the electrical components of the control system to ensure that the electrical connection of the control system is correct;

(2) Check the operating parameters of the control system to ensure that the transmission, speed, and tightening torque requirements of the control system are accurate;

(3) Check the processing parameters of the control system to ensure that the processing parameters of the control system are accurate;

(4) Check the operation of the control system to ensure that the control system operates smoothly and no alarm occurs.

VI. Precautions

1. When using a lathe, you must be familiar with the lathe's operating procedures, the machine's safety regulations, and operate in accordance with the regulations;

2. Before using a lathe, check the installation status of the lathe and its accessories to ensure the safety of the machine;

3. When using a turning tool, check the quality of the turning tool and ensure that the turning tool is firmly installed;

4. During the processing, the lathe must run smoothly, the turning tool must be of the correct size, and the control system's processing parameters must be accurate, without obvious jitter or alarm phenomena;

5. When using a lathe, ensure a safe distance to prevent the operator from being injured;

6. During the processing, replace the lubricating oil in time to ensure the normal operation of the lathe;

7. During the processing, strictly control the cutting torque and cutting speed of the turning tool to ensure the processing performance of the turning tool;

8. During the processing, check the surface of the lathe, the surface of the turning tool, and the electrical components of the control system to ensure the quality of the workpiece;

9. During the processing, check the safety device of the lathe to ensure the effectiveness of the safety protection device;

10. During the processing, control the processing temperature and humidity to ensure the quality of the workpiece.